NCC Certified Electronic Fetal Monitoring (C-EFM) Practice Exam

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During an acute episode of fetal hypoxemia, where is fetal blood flow primarily redirected?

Heart
Kidneys
Liver
Brain

The correct answer is: Brain

In cases of acute fetal hypoxemia, the fetal body responds by prioritizing blood flow to vital organs, and the brain is given the highest priority. This redirection occurs because the central nervous system is critical for maintaining neurological functions and ensuring the fetus's ability to survive. When oxygen levels drop, the fetal circulatory system employs a mechanism known as "sympathetic vasoconstriction," which reduces blood flow to less essential areas such as the kidneys and liver. This allows for more oxygen-rich blood to circulate to the brain, which is essential for its development and function. Ensuring adequate oxygen supply to the brain is crucial during periods of stress, such as hypoxemia, as it helps preserve neurological integrity and promotes better outcomes for the fetus.